ntp服务器设置
操作方法
- 01
192.168.56.11 ntp服务器 192.168.56.200 ntp服务器上层同步ip 192.168.56.12 客户端 1:查看客户端和服务器端ntp rpm包是否安装 [root@11g ~]# rpm -qa | grep ntp fontpackages-filesystem-1.41-1.1.el6.noarch ntp-4.2.4p8-3.el6.x86_64 ntpdate-4.2.4p8-3.el6.x86_64 如果没有后面两个,需要安装,注意是客户端和服务器端都要查看 2:在需要做ntp服务器的主机 编辑 /etc/ntp.conf [root@11g ~]# cp /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak 先拷贝一份做备份 [root@11g ~]# rm -rf /etc/ntp.conf 显出原始ntp配置文件 [root@11g ~]# vi /etc/ntp.conf 重新编辑一份ntp配置文件 driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift restrict 192.168.56.12 restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict -6 ::1 server 192.168.56.200 fudge 192.168.56.200 stratum 8 includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw keys /etc/ntp/keys 注释: restrict 192.168.56.12 <---------客户端需要同步的ip,有多少个客户端,添加多 restrict 127.0.0.1 <---------允许本地同步,便于本地监控、配置 restrict -6 ::1 server 192.168.56.200 <---------需要同步的上层服务器 fudge 192.168.56.200 stratum 8 <-------同步上层服务器的stratum 大小不能超过或等于16 还有一种方案是: [root@11g ~]# vi /etc/ntp.conf driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift restrict default nomodify notrap <----- 允许所有ip,省去设置麻烦 restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict -6 ::1 server 192.168.56.200 fudge 192.168.56.200 stratum 8 includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw keys /etc/ntp/keys 3:启动ntp服务器 [root@11g ~]# /etc/init.d/ntpd start 启动 Starting ntpd: [ OK ] [root@11g ~]# chkconfig ntpd on 设置开机自启动ntpd服务 [root@11g ~]# lsof -i:123 查看123端口 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME ntpd 2862 ntp 16u IPv4 22529 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 17u IPv6 22530 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 18u IPv6 22534 0t0 UDP localhost6.localdomain6:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 19u IPv6 22535 0t0 UDP [fe80::a00:27ff:fe8a:b4f0]:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 20u IPv6 22536 0t0 UDP [fe80::a00:27ff:feb9:c941]:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 21u IPv4 22537 0t0 UDP localhost.localdomain:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 22u IPv4 22538 0t0 UDP 11g:ntp ntpd 2862 ntp 23u IPv4 22539 0t0 UDP 192.168.110.12:ntp <-----可以看出,设置成功 [root@11g ~]# ntpq -p 如果出现这样的情况,ntp服务器最后设置才算成功 remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== *192.168.56.200 LOCAL(0) 11 u 9 64 377 1.362 2.822 0.449 以下是失败的设置: [root@11g ~]# ntpq -p remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== 192.168.56.200 .INIT. 16 u 41 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 4:防火墙设置 iptables -I INPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 123 -j ACCEPT 对外开放123端口 最好的办法是将所有linux系统的防火墙都关闭: chkconfig --level 2345 ip6tables off chkconfig --level 2345 iptables off service ip6tables stop service iptables stop 查看是否关闭成功: [root@mysql ~]# chkconfig --list | grep ip ip6tables 0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off iptables 0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off 3:客户端设置 [root@mysql ~]# ntpdate 192.168.56.11 设置同步 22 Jul 06:53:14 ntpdate[5611]: no server suitable for synchronization found [root@mysql ~]# ntpdate -d 192.168.56.11 查看原因 22 Jul 02:55:01 ntpdate[2096]: ntpdate 4.2.4p8@1.1612-o Thu Jan 10 15:17:41 UTC 2013 (1) Looking for host 192.168.56.11 and service ntp host found : 11g transmit(192.168.56.11) receive(192.168.56.11) transmit(192.168.56.11) receive(192.168.56.11) transmit(192.168.56.11) receive(192.168.56.11) transmit(192.168.56.11) receive(192.168.56.11) transmit(192.168.56.11) 192.168.56.11: Server dropped: strata too high <------失败原因stratum 设置的太高,这里设置成16了,前面已经提到过要注意 server 192.168.56.11, port 123 stratum 16, precision -24, leap 11, trust 000 refid [192.168.56.11], delay 0.02599, dispersion 0.00005 transmitted 4, in filter 4 reference time: 00000000.00000000 Thu, Feb 7 2036 14:28:16.000 originate timestamp: d777e086.0c12c80f Tue, Jul 22 2014 2:55:02.047 transmit timestamp: d777e086.0bf476b0 Tue, Jul 22 2014 2:55:02.046 filter delay: 0.02658 0.02638 0.02602 0.02599 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 filter offset: 0.000135 -0.00003 0.000137 0.000145 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 delay 0.02599, dispersion 0.00005 offset 0.000145 22 Jul 02:55:02 ntpdate[2096]: no server suitable for synchronization found 如果stratum 设置没有问题的话,第一次执行 [root@mysql ~]# ntpdate 192.168.56.11 22 Jul 06:53:14 ntpdate[5611]: no server suitable for synchronization found 需要再等上3-5分钟再次执行 [root@mysql ~]# ntpdate 192.168.56.11 22 Jul 06:54:45 ntpdate[5627]: adjust time server 192.168.56.11 offset -0.119003 sec <-----同步成功 4:客户端设置定时同步时间 [root@mysql ~]# vi /root/ntpupdate.sh 编辑定时脚本 /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.56.11 [root@mysql ~]# cat /root/ntpupdate.sh 编辑完之后查看 /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.56.11 [root@mysql ~]# crontab -e 编辑定时任务,每分钟执行一次 */1 * * * * /root/ntpupdate.sh [root@mysql ~]# crontab -l */1 * * * * /root/ntpupdate.sh 编辑后查看 注意: 1:本身主机设置成ntp服务器: [root@oracle11g ~]# cat /etc/ntp.conf idriftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift restrict default nomodify notrap restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict -6 ::1 server 127.127.1.0 fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 8 includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw keys /etc/ntp/keys 2:客户端手工设置ntpdate时,需要stop 客户端的ntpd服务