gawk中的字符串数字(STRNUM)介绍
几天前在论坛看到一个帖子 http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-4184581-1-1.html 这是个挺有意思的问题。
我自己做了几个试验,发现00e1有这个问题,但是00a1、00b1、00c1等其它字符串却没有这个问题。
前天,怀着忐忑的心情给 bug-gawk@gnu.org 发了一封邮件:
[bug report] gawk doesn’t work correctly when assign special value to variable To: bug-gawk@gnu.org 1. Symptom: gawk doesn’s work correctly when assign special value (like 00e1) variable. 2. Steps to repeat this issue: 1) Download and compile the latest gawk 4.1.3 http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/ [root]# gawk --version | head -2 GNU Awk 4.1.3, API: 1.1 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991-2015 Free Software Foundation. 2) Prepare a test file cat > 1.txt << EOF 00e1 00e1 00e2 00e4 00e3 00e1_01 EOF 3) Execute following command to see the result [root]# gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==var' 1.txt 00e1 00e1 00e2 00e4 The second line should not be there. Because "00e4" is NOT equal to "00e1" obviously. Is it a bug or by design? 3. Workaround: gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==""var' 1.txt gawk -v var="^00e1___FCKpd___0quot; '$2~var' 1.txt
没想到,昨天就收到了来自 Andrew J. Schorr 大神的回复,效率还真是高呢,32个赞:
On Thu, Aug 06, 2015 at 03:55:50PM +0800, Shell_HAT wrote: > The second line should not be there. Because "00e4" is NOT equal to "00e1" obviously. > Is it a bug or by design? This is a tricky area. Please check the manual for the discussion of "String Type versus Numeric Type": http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Variable-Typing.html I think the command-line assignment results in a variable of type STRNUM. > 3. Workaround: > gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==""var' 1.txt > gawk -v var="^00e1___FCKpd___1quot; '$2~var' 1.txt These examples may also be helpful: bash-4.2$ gawk 'BEGIN {var = "00e1"} $2 == var' 1.txt 00e1 00e1 bash-4.2$ gawk 'BEGIN {var = 00e1} $2 == var' 1.txt 00e1 00e1 00e2 00e4 Regards, Andy
看完那篇文档,似有所悟。但是还是没搞清楚为啥00a1、00b1、00c1等字符串没问题呢?
喝完一杯咖啡之后,恍然大悟:科学计数法!泥煤的~~~
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